Fu Qiaomei——Matashiyar masaniyar kimiyyar kasar Sin wadda ta sake rubuta tarihin dan Adam na dauri (B)
2023-07-24 19:44:17 CMG Hausa
Duk da mamakin da malamai da abokan karatunta suka yi game da ci gaban da ta samu, amma ita kadai ta san irin bakin cikin da take ji yayin da wasu mugayen abokan karatunta maza suka ce wai ta girmi abokan karatunta da shekara biyu, amma ta san cewa, nuna rashin damuwa ita ce hanya mafi dacewa ta mantawa da duk wata irin matsala da ma samun ci gaba a rayuwa.
Bayan ta shafe shekaru biyu tana kokarin karatu a makarantar sakandare, hakurinta ya yi mata rana, a shekarar 2003 Fu Qiaomei ta ci jarrabawar shiga jami’ar NorthWest, inda ta samu maki 513.
A lokacin da take karama, Fu Qiaomei ba ta da wani tsari ko ka'idodi a rayuwarta. A lokacin kuruciyarta, Fu Qiaomei ta zabi ta mayar da hankali kan fannin binciken kimiyya.
Da alama darajar tattalin arziki a cikin ilmin gadon kwayoyin halitta na da da ta tsunduma a cikinta ba ta kai sauran fannoni ba, kuma abubuwan da ilmin ya shafa wadanda ake iya amfani da su ba su da fa'ida sosai. To amma tun tana karatun digiri na farko, ba ta taba mantawa da nazarin kayayyakin tarihin halittu ba, a tsawon wannan lokaci, ta samu damar sauya tsarin karatu, amma kullum ta kan dage kan abun da take sha'awar bincike. Ta ce, "Kada a bi diddigin suna da arziki." Idan aka yi la'akari da komai bisa ga darajar tattalin arzikinsu, to "al'ummar bil'adama ba za ta wanzu ba."
Fu Qiaomei ta tsunduma cikin ayyukan binciken gadon kwayoyin halitta na da tare da dagewa kamar yadda masanan kimiyya ke yi.
Lokacin da ta isa Cibiyar nazari game da sauyin halittu ta dan Adam ta Max Planck da ke kasar Jamus a shekarar 2009, don samun digiri na uku a ilimin dabi’ar kwayar halittar dan Adam na zamanin da, Fu Qiaomei ta kasance cikin fargaba sosai. Lokacin da take karatun digirinta na biyu a kasar Sin, ta yi nazari kan abubuwan da suka shafi abincin manoma na zamanin farko, kuma ba ta da kwarewa a fannin tsoffin kwayoyin halittun gado na DNA ko ma dabi’ar kwayoyin halittu. Amma Fu Qiaomei ta mayar da hankali kan nata binciken. A wata hira da mujallar Nature, malaminta Svante Pbo ya bayyana ta a matsayin "daya daga cikin dalibai masu kwazo".
Lokacin da ta shiga kungiyar Pbo, ‘yan kungiyar suna dab da kammala aikin zanen jerin kwayoyin halittar mutanen Neanderthal. “Na kasance cikin matukar matsi a lokacin, a gare ni akwai abubuwan sha’awa da na ban tsaro a binciken da nake yi a lokacin.” Fu Qiaomei ta kara da cewa, “Na shiga wannan tawagar a lokacin da ya dace.”
Ta koyi yadda ake tattara kananan samfuran DNA daga tsoffin kasusuwa, kuma cikin sauri ta kware a fannin sanin sauyin kwayoyin halitta, ilmin sadarwar halittu da yadda kwamfuta za ta yi nazarin bayanan da ta samu.
A shekarar 2015, mujallar "Nature" ta wallafa wata kasida tare da Fu Qiaomei a matsayin marubuciya ta farko, wadda ta gano musayar kwayoyin halitta tsakanin mutanen zamani da mutanen Neanderthal kusan shekaru 10,000. Sannan, ta zana cikakken taswirar jinsin al’ummar Turai a zamani mafi tsananin sanyi, wanda aka kimanta a matsayin “sake rubuta tarihin dan adam na zamani a Turai”, wanda ya girgiza Turai.
A shekarar 2016, Fu Qiaomei ta kawo karshen zamanta na tsawon shekaru 7 a kasar waje, ta kuma koma bakin aiki a kasar Sin a hukumance. A lokacin da mujallar "Nature" ta zabi Fu Qiaomei a matsayin daya daga cikin "manyan taurari goma a fannin kimiya a kasar Sin", ta riga ta kafa wata tawagar bincike ta kasa da kasa a Cibiyar nazarin ilmin dabbobi da dan-adam masu kashin baya na zamanin da ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta kasar Sin, inda ta sadaukar da kanta don tafiyar da dakin gwaje-gwaje na DNA na zamanin da da ta kafa, wanda babu kamarsa a Asiya.
A shekarun baya, ba kasafai ake gudanar da binciken kasa da kasa a fannin nazarin kwayoyin halittun gadon ba, inda manyan dakunan gwaje-gwaje a kasashe irin su Jamus da Amurka ke jagorantar wannan fanni na dogon lokaci. Fu Qiaomei ta ji cewa akwai “nauyin Sinawa a kanta", don haka ta kuduri niyyar rubuta tarihin rukunin dan Adam a kasar Sin, da gano tushen kakannin dan Adam a Asiya.
A shekarar 2020, ta hanyar tattara da kuma jera tsoffin kwayoyin halittar gadon al’ummar arewaci da kudanci a kasar Sin, a hankali Fu Qiaomei ta bayyana tarihin bazuwa da kaura da yadda aka gauraya kwayoyin halitta na dan Adam a zamanin da ba a adana tarihinsa ba a gabashin Asiya, musamman ma a kasar Sin.
Fu Qiaomei ta bayyana cewa, yanzu dai duniya na kallon kasar Sin a fannin binciken ilmin gadon halittu na zamanin can baya, kuma yadda za a ci gaba da kasancewa kan gaba a fannin, nauyi ne da alhakin da ya rataya a wuyanta.