Yadda Kauyen Xiaoheifa Ke Kokarin Rungumar Kyakkyawar Makomarsa A Kasar Sin
2022-10-14 14:42:21 CRI
Noma tushen arziki, kuma kullum kasar Sin na dora muhimmanci a kan raya aikin gona da kauyuka da kuma rayuwar manoma, kasancewarta babbar kasa wajen ayyukan noma. Tun bayan da aka gudanar da babban taron wakilan jam’iyyar kwaminis mai mulkin kasar a shekerar 2012, jam’iyyar ta dora matukar muhimmanci a kan ayyukan da suka shafi noma da raya kauyuka da kuma manoma, matakin da ya taimaka wajen fitar da manoma kusan miliyan 100 daga kangin talauci, daga bisani kuma ta fara aiki da shirin farfado da kauyuka, kuma sakamakon haka, rayuwar manoma ta ingantu sosai, baya ga yadda aka yiwa kauyuka gyaran fuska sosai. Kauyen Xiaoheifa dake yankin Daxing na birnin Beijing ya zama misali a wannan fanni.
“Sauye-sauyen da suka faru a kauyenmu, na gan su duka da idona, daga yadda yake fama da koma baya zuwa irin ci gaba da ya samu yanzu. Duk da cewa, har yanzu ba mu kai kauyuka da suka ci gaba ba, amma dai mun samu manyan sauye-sauye.”Malam Xu Shuzhi, mazaunin kauyen Xiaoheifa ne ya yi furucin. Xu Shuzhi yana da gonakin da fadinsu ya kai kimanin eka 0.67, a baya, shi da iyalansu duka na dogara ne a kan noman masara da alkama. Uwargidansa tana da nakasa a kafa, ga kuma ciwon sankara, kuma yaransu biyu a wancan lokaci na karatu a makaranta, amma kimanin kudin Sin Yuan 6,000 (kwatankwacin Naira 600,000) ne kawai yake samu a duk shekara a aikin noma, abin da ya sa su cikin kuncin rayuwa.
Ganin cewa kauyen Xiaoheifa na yankin karkara ne, kana ga tsofaffi da masu fama da nakasar sassan jiki, shi ya sa a baya, kauyen Xiaoheifa ya yi matukar fama da koma baya, inda matsakaicin kudin shigar da kowane mazauni kauyen ya samu a duk shekara bai kai kudin Sin Yuan 6,000 ba. Sakamakon haka, Xiaoheifa ya zama daya daga cikin kauyuka mafi fama da talauci a yankin birnin Beijing.
Irin wannan yanayi ya fara sauyawa a shekarar 2012, bayan da hukumar birnin Beijing ta fara aiki da shirin dasa bishiyoyi masu fadi a sassan birnin a kokarin kyautata muhallin zama, kuma a kauyen Xiaoheifa, gwamnati ta yi hayar gonakin da fadinsu ya kai kimanin eka 160 a kan kudin Sin Yuan miliyan 3.6 (kwatankwacin Naira miliyan 360) a kowace shekara don dasa bishiyoyi, baya ga biyan kudin kula da bishiyoyi na kudin Sin Yuan 4 a kan kowane muraba’in mita daya, tare da samar da guraben aikin kula da bishiyoyin ga mazauna kauyen. Malam Xu Shuzhi ya ce,“Mun amfana, mun samu aikin yi, kuma da farko an biya mu Yuan 80, sai kuma ya zuwa bara waccan, an kara kudin zuwa yuan 100, a lokacin Yuan 30 ne kawai muke iya samu a kowace rana in mun fita cin rani, ga shi kuma wannan aiki ba shi da wahala, gyara bishiyoyi da yi musu ban ruwa ne kawai, duka na iya.”
Ana biyan Yuan 100 ne a aikin kulawa da bishiyoyi a kowace rana, adadin da ya kai kimanin Yuan 2000 zuwa 3000 ke nan a wata, don haka, rayuwar mazauna kauyen ta fara ingantuwa sannu a hankali.
Sai dai a yayin da bishiyoyi ke girma, kulawar da suke bukata na raguwa, don haka ma, kudin da gwamnati ke biya ta fannin kulawa da bishiyoyin ma na raguwa shekara da shekaru, lamarin da ya damu jagororin Xiaoheifa. Malam Liu Jiwei, jami’in kwamitin kula da kauyen ya ce,“Ya zama dole mu yi amfani da albarkatun da muke da su, a maimakon mu dogara ga kasafin kudin da gwamnati ta samar kawai. Sabo da in dai bishiyoyi sun girma, ba zai yiwu ba a ci gaba da samar mana kudin kulawa da su, to, me za mu yi? Don haka, dole ne mu yi amfani da dukkan albarkatun da muke da su, don al’umma su samu moriya, a yayin da kuma gwamnati ma ta amfana, wato mu ci moriyar juna, mafitarmu ke nan.”
A shekarar 2014, a yayin da shugaban kasar Sin Xi Jinping ke halartar taron majalisar wakilan jama’ar kasar, ya bayyana cewa, ya kamata a yi kokarin bunkasa tattalin arziki da zaman al’umma, a yayin da kuma ake inganta muhallin zama. Lallai furucin ya wayar da kan jagororin kauyen, wadanda suka zura idonsu ga sararin kasa dake karkashin bishiyoyin. Da bishiyoyin suke kanana, daidai lokaci ne da ya dace a yi shuke-shuke a karkashinsu. Liu Jiwei ya ce,“Na farko, hakan ya taimaka wajen yin tsimin albarkatun gonaki, na biyu kuma ya yi tsimin kwadago, sabo da a yayin da muke kulawa da bishiyoyi, ba wani abu mai wahala in mu shuka wani abu a kasa, hakan kuma ya zama jifan tsuntsu biyu da dutse daya. Amma ta hakan, manoma sun ci riba, sakamakon yadda mu kan raba musu amfanin gona da muka shuka in an girbe su don su ci, sa’an amfanin da suka rage mu kan sayar kuma mu tara mu raba su ga manoman a karshen shekara.”
Sai dai babu wanda a kauyen ya taba yin shuke-shuke a karkashin bishiyoyin, manoman kauyen ma sun nuna shakku da yin hakan. Bisa binciken da suka yi, daga karshe a shekarar 2015, kwamitin kula da kauyen ya yanke shawarar hadin gwiwa da wani kamfani wajen noman nau’in furen da ake kira Marigold a Turance, wanda ake amfani da shi wurin harhada magunguna, kuma kamfanin ya samar da tsiron furen da ma fasahohin noma, a yayin da mazauna kauyen suka samar da kwadagon aikin da kamfanin ke biya.
Sama da mazauna kauyen 50 ne suke aikin, wadanda daga karshe suka samu matsakaicin kudin shigar da ya kai kudin Sin Yuan kimanin 6000, hakan ya faranta musu rai, tare da karfafa niyyar jagororin kauyen wajen bunkasa tattalin arziki na karkashin bishiyoyin.
A shekarar 2016, gwamnatin birnin Beijing ta fara aiki da shirin tallafawa kauyuka masu fama da talauci, matakin da ya taimaka ga kulla hulda a tsakanin cibiyoyin nazarin kimiyyar noma na birnin da ma kauyen Xiaoheifa, kuma masanan aikin gona da yawa sun je kauyen. Bayan dogon nazari, sun bayar da shawarwari game da shuke-shuke da ya dace a yi a karkashin bishiyoyin dake kauyen, shawarwarin dake zama manuniya a bangaren kimiyya wajen aiwatar da aikin. Daga baya, daga laimar kwado zuwa albasa da karas da tattasai, shuke-shuke da aka yi sun yi ta karuwa. Daga bisani, mazauna kauyen sun kuma fara kiwon kaji a karkashin bishiyoyin, hanyoyin tattalin arzikinsu sai kara fadada yake yi, wanda hakan ba kawai ya kara samar da abinci ga mazauna kauyen ba, hatta ma ya taimaka ga kara kudin shigarsu. Malam Xu Shuzhi ya ce,“Daga noman furen Marigold a farkon fari har zuwa noman tattasai, babu wanda ban yi ba. Daga lokacin da na kama aikin a shekarar 2013 zuwa yanzu, kudin da na samu daga aikin ya kai Yuan kimanin dubu 170.”
Kawo yanzu, an kafa cikakken tsarin noma da kiwon kaji a karkashin bishiyoyi a kauyen Xiaoheifa, kuma matsakaicin kudin shigar mazauna kauyen ma ya karu daga kasa da yuan 6,000 zuwa kimanin dubu 30 a duk shekara. Duk da haka kauyen bai tsaya ba, a maimakon haka, sai ya fara nazarin tsarin gudanar da harkokin kauyen a zamanance, inda ya hada gwiwa da jami’ar koyon harkokin noma ta kasar Sin wajen fito da wani tsari na zamani da ya kunshi manhajar gudanar da harkokin kauyen ta wayar salula da mazauna kauyen ke iya amfani da ita, matakin da ya kara inganta aikin gudanar da harkokin kauyen.
Baya ga haka, domin mazauna kauyen su kara jin dadin rayuwarsu, an kuma gyara wani bangaren kauyen da a baya ake zubar da gurbataccen ruwa da shara a ciki, inda aka dasa nau’o’in furanni da tsirrai, aka kafa wurin shan iska mai dausayi mai fadi eka 22, don mazauna kauye su rika shakatawa, wanda ya samu karbuwa sosai.
Yanzu haka, kauyen Xiaoheifa na kokarin gano wata mafita a nan gaba. Malam Liu Jiwei ya ce, kauyen na shirin gudanar da aikin yawon shakatawa, don mazauna kauyen su ci karin moriya.“Inda muka dosa ke nan, wato muna shirin hada wannan wurin shan iska da kuma bishiyoyin da muke da su da kuma al’adun kauyenmu, don mu gudanar da harkokin yawon shakatawa, ta yadda idan baki sun zo, mai yiyuwa ne za su kwana daya ko biyu a wajenmu, su dandana abincinmu, su girbi amfanin gona da muka shuka a karkashin bishiyoyi, don su ji dadi su shakata, a sa’i daya kuma mazauna kauyenmu su samu riba. Abin da muke so mu yi ke nan a nan gaba.” (Lubabatu Lei)