Tun daga farkon shekarar da muke ciki, kasashe da yankuna 75 sun gabatar wa hukumar kiwon lafiya ta kasa da kasa wato WHO rahotanni kan yadda mutane fiye da dubu 16 suka kamu da cutar Kyandar Biri, ciki had da wasu 5 da suka mutu, wadanda dukkansu suka fito daga kasashen Afirka.

To mene ne cutar ta kyandar biri?

Cutar kyandar biri, wani nau’in cuta ce da ke yaduwa daga dabbobi zuwa mutane, kuma kwayar cutar ta kyandar biri ita ce kwayar cuta ta DNA. Cutar kyandar biri, ta yi kama da dangin cutar agana wato Smallpox a Turance, wadda ta taba daukar dubban shekaru tana sanadin mutuwar mutane masu dimbin yawa a tarihin bil Adama. An fara gano cutar kyandar biri karo na farko a shekarar 1958. Cutar ta samu sunanta ne saboda wasu birai wadanda aka gudanar da nazari kansu, da suka kamu da wani nau’in cuta mai kama da kyambo. Don haka an nadawa cutar sunan kyandar biri wato Monkeypox a Turance. Tun bayan da hukumar WHO ta sanar da ganin bayan cutar agana baki daya tsakanin mutane a shekarar 1980, cutar kyandar biri ta fi haifar da illa ga lafiyar al’umma, idan aka kwatanta ta da sauran cututtuka irinta.

Bayanai masu dumi dumi da hukumar WHO ta gabatar a shafinta na yanar gizo sun nuna cewa, ko da yake an gano kwayar cutar ta kyandar biri karo na farko ne a cikin jikin birrai, mafi yiwuwa ne beraye da dangoginsu ne suke dauke da kwayar cutar. A kasahen Afirka, an gano cewa, mai yiwuwa kurege da berayen Gambian pouched rat da wasu nau’o’in birai za su kamu da cutar ta kyandar biri.

An ruwaito cewa, an fi samun yaduwar cutar ta kyandar biri a yammacin Afirka da tsakiyar Afirka. A shekarar 1970 an gano dan Adam na farko da ya kamu da cutar kyandar biri a kasar Kongo (Kinshasa). Daga wancan lokaci kuma, yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar sun fito ne daga kasashen Kongo (Kinshasa), Kongo (Brazzaville), jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Najeriya, Kamaru da wasu kasashen Afirka. Alal misali, a shekarar 2020, mutane fiye da dubu 6 sun kamu da cutar a kasar Kongo (Kinshasa), a shekarar 2021 kuma, akwai mutane sama da dubu 3 da suka kamu da cutar a kasar.

A shekarar 2003 ne karo na farko da aka samu barkewar cutar ta kyandar biri a sauran wuraren duniya, baya ga kasashen Afirka. A kasar Amurka, mutane gomai sun kamu da cutar, inda aka gano asalin cutar daga berayen Gambian pouched rat da berayen dormouse, wadanda aka kai su Amurka daga kasar Ghana. Tun bayan shekarar 2018 har zuwa yanzu, an gano mutanen da suka kamu da cutar kyandar biri cikin fasinjojin ‘yan kasashen Najeriya a kasashen Isra’ila, Birtaniya da Singapore. (Tasallah Yuan)