Kogin Yangtse, wani kogi ne na kasar Sin, wanda tsawonsa ya kai fiye da kilomita 6300, ko kuma mu ce kogi ne mafi tsawo na 3 a duniya. An taba samun mutane fiye da dubu 200, da suke gudanar da aikin kamun kifi a kogin Yangtse. Amma sannu a hankali, kifayen da ke cikin kogin ya ragu, sakamakon yawan sun kifi fiye da kima, da shigar da gurbataccen ruwa cikin kogin, lamarin da ya sanya masunta cikin wani yanayi na kunci. 

Sai dai daga bisani, an fara aiwatar da wata doka ta tsawon shekaru 10, ta hana kamun kifi a kogin Yangtse, tun daga ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2021, a matsayin daya daga cikin matakan da kasar ke dauka, da zummar kare muhallin yankin kogin Yangtse, da kyautata zaman rayuwar mutane masu ruwa da tsaki.

Gwamnatin kasar Sin ta taimaki masunta fiye da dubu 200, wajen samun sabbin guraben aikin yi a sauran sana’o’i daban daban. Kana daga cikinsu, mutanen da suka tsufa, an ba su damar yin ritaya, inda ake samar musu da kudin fensho na tsofaffi a duk wata, don tabbatar da ingancin rayuwarsu. A sa’i daya kuma, ana ta samun ci gaba a kokarin kare muhallin yankin kogin Yangtse, inda ake samun ruwa mai tsabta, da karin kifaye. 

Yadda aka kyautata muhallin yankin kogin Yangtse, ya nuna wani abun da Sinawa suka dora muhimmanci a kai, yayin da suke neman zamanintar da kasarsu, wato kokarin neman samun jituwa tsakain dan Adam da muhalli. 

Ana kokarin raya tattalin arzikin kasa ne don kyautata zaman rayuwar jama’arta, kana ba a taba raba zaman rayuwa mai inganci da muhalli mai kyau ba. Sai dai ta yaya ake iya raya tattalin arziki, gami da kare muhallin halittu, a lokaci guda? Tabbas, Sinawa suna kokarin gudanar da bincike da gwaje-gwaje a wannan fanni.

Akwai wani babban tabki mai suna Qiandao a gundumar Chun’an ta lardin Zhejiang dake gabashin kasar Sin. Wani wuri ne mai ni’imtaccen muhalli, da duwatsu da tabkuna masu kyan gani. Sai dai manufar kare muhalli ta takaita damammakin da mutanen wurin suke da shi na raya masana’antu. Wannan yanayi ya sa mutanen wurin karkarta ga sauran dabaru don raya tattalin arziki.

Idan mun dauki wani kauye mai suna Xiajiang dake gundumar Chun’an a matsayin misali, muka tantance sana’ar da mazauna kauyen suka dauka wajen raya kauyen, za mu ga babbar sana’ar da suka dauka ita ce yawon shakatawa. A cikin kauyen, kusan kowane magidanci na kula da wani karamin otel, a karkashin jagorancin hukumar kauyen. Ko da a shekarar 2020, wani lokaci da aka fi fama da mummunar illar da annobar COVID-19 ta haifar, kauyen ya janyo mutane kimanin dubu 770, wadanda suka ziyarci kauyen, tare da sayen kayayyaki, da cin abinci, da jin dadin hutunsu.

Sa’an nan, a garin Linqi dake dab da kauyen Xiajiang, mutane sun fi dora muhimmanci kan aikin dasa wasu bishiyoyi, da sarrafa su zuwa magungunan gargajiya. Yanzu wasu magungunan gargajiya guda 6 da ake samarwa a garin, suna samun karbuwa sosai a kasuwannin kasar Sin. Ta sana’ar yawon shakatawa, da sarrafa magungunan gargajiya, ana samar da guraben aikin yi ga jama’a, da hanyoyin da ake bi wajen raya tattalin arziki, ba tare da gurbata muhalli ba.

Sa’an nan a wajen tabkin Qiandao, yadda ake kokarin kare tsabtar ruwan tabkin, ba ya nufin hana mutum cin gajiyar albarkatun da ke akwai. Wani abun da ake fitarwa daga cikin ruwan tabkin Qiandao, wanda ya fi shahara a kasuwannin kasar Sin, shi ne wani nau’in kifin da ake kira Bighead Carp. Sinawa suna son cin naman wannan nau’in kifi sosai. Ban da haka kuma, ta hanyar kiwon kifin Bighead Carp da ake yi a tabkin, ana iya samar da gudunmowa ga kokarin tabbatar da tsabtar ruwan tabkin. Saboda kananan kifayen Bighead Carp kilo daya, su kan iya cinye kimanin kilo 40 na ciyayin ruwa na Algae mai gurbata muhalli, yayin da suke girma.

Ban da wannan kuma, yunkuri na kiyaye tsabtar ruwa bai hana su gudanar da aikin gona ba. A kauye Anyang, duk a karkashin gundumar Chun’an, ana kokarin yayata wata fasahar aikin gona ta zamani ta kare tsabtar ruwan kogi. Ta wannan fasaha, ana daidaita nau’ikan ganyayen da ake shukawa, ta yadda ake samun damar rage yin amfani da maganin kashe kwari mai guba, da takin zamani. Ban da wannan kuma, an dasa wasu bishiyoyi na musamman a gefen gonaki, wadanda suke taimakawa wajen tace sinadarai masu guba daga cikin ruwan da ya fito daga cikin gonaki. Ta wadannan hanyoyi, an rage tasirin da aikin gona yake wa muhallin halittu kwarai da gaske.

Yayin da kasar Sin ke neman ganin samun ci gaban masana’antu, da wadatar da jama’arta, da kare muhallin halittu a lokaci guda, tana kuma son raba fasahohi masu kyau da ta samu ga sauran kasashe masu tasowa, ta yadda za a cimma burin samun ci gaba mai dorewa a kasashe daban daban. 

Idan mun dauki nahiyar Afirka a matsayin wani misali. Cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kasar Sin ta dukufa wajen taimakawa kasashen Afirka wajen raya makamashi mai tsabta. A Bangui, fadar mulkin kasar Afirka ta tsakiya, an dade ana fama da matsalar karancin wutar lantarki. A baya, magidantan birnin kimanin kashi 35% kacal ne ke samun hidimar wutar lantarki. Sai dai a ranar 15 ga watan Yunin bana, tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da zafin rana ta Sakai, da kasar Sin ta ba da ita a matsayin tallafi ga kasar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta fara aiki. Daga bisani, kimanin kashi 2 cikin kashi 3 na daukacin magidantan birnin Bangui, sun samu damar yin amfani da wutar lantarki, lamarin da ya saukaka zaman rayuwarsu matuka.

Ban da wannan kuma, a kasar Uganda, wani kamfanin kasar Sin na ci gaba da kokarin gina tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da karfin ruwa ta Karuma. Ana shirin kaddamar da wannan tasha a watan Oktoba da muke ciki, inda za ta zama tashar samar da wutar lantarki mafi girma a kasar Uganda. Yadda ake yin amfani da karfin ruwa maimakon makamashi na kwal wajen samar da wutar lantarki, yana taimakawa wajen kare muhalli sosai. Ban da wannan kuma, yayin da ake gina tashar, an kebe hanyoyin da dabbobi za su bi, don magance matsalar tare musu hanyar kaura. Haka zalika, an sanya wasu manyan injuna a wani wurin dake da nisan mita 80 a karkashin kasa, don kare dazuzzuka da halittun dake doron kasa.

A ganin Sinawa, duniyarmu tamkar kauye daya ne ga daukacin bil Adama. Dalilin raya tattalin arziki, gami da kare muhallin halittu a lokaci guda, shi ne neman tabbatar da makoma mai haske ta dan Adam. Ya kamata mu hada kai, don tabbatar da samun jituwa tsakanin dan Adam da muhallin halittu, da kiyaye hakan har abada. (Bello Wang)