Hu Hailan, babbar daraktar cibiyar nazarin kimiyyar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi ta jami’ar Zhejiang, da wasu mata 4, sun karbi lambar yabo ta matan da suka yi fice a bangaren kimiyya. Lambar yabon ta hadin gwiwa ce tsakanin UNESCO da kamfanin kayan kwaliyya na L’Oreal, wadda aka ba su saboda manyan nasarorin da suka samu a bangaren bincike. An gudanar da bikin ne a ranar 23 ga watan Yuni a birnin Paris, a hedkwatar hukumar bunkasa ilimi, kimiyya da raya al’adu ta MDD wato UNESCO. UNESCO ta sanar da cewa, Hu ta samu lambar yabon ne saboda gagarumin aikin da ta yi a fannin kimiyyar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi, musammam aikin da ta yi a kan matsananciyar damuwa, wanda ya kai ga samar da maganin cutar.

Hu, wadda shehun malama ce kuma mai shaidar karatu na Ph.D a tsangayar nazarin ilimin likitanci ta jami’ar Zhejiang, ita ce Basiniya ta 7, kuma daya daga cikin masu karancin shekaru da suka lashe lambar yabon. A kan bada lambar yabon wanda UNESCO da gidauniyar L’Oreal suka asassa a 1998, ga mata 5 da suka yi fice a bangaren kimiyya a ko wace shekara, saboda yabawa gudunmuwarsu ga ci gaban kimiyya.

A jawabin da ta yi bayan karbar lambar yabon, Hu ta ce “duk da cewa jijiyoyin kwakwalwa abu ne masu sarkakiya, ina da yakinin cewa, bil adama za su iya samar da mafita domin taimakawa marasa lafiyar kwakwalwa shawo kan matsalarsu wata rana, bisa karin fahimta da gano yanayin cutar kwakwalwa.”

An haifi Hu a Hangzhou, babban birnin lardin Zhejiang dake gabashin kasar Sin a 1973. Ta shafe shekaru 6 tana karatu a makarantar midil ta Hangzhou, inda ta fara sha’awar bincike a bangaren kimiyya, bisa kwarin gwiwar da ta samu daga malamai daban daban.

A da, Hu na daya daga cikin dalibai mafi hazaka a fannin lissafi da ilimin Physics, har ma saboda kwazonta a gasar ilimin Physics ta kasa, ta samu gurbin karatu a sashen nazarin halittar dan Adam na Biology a jami’ar Peking a shekarar 1991, ba tare da ta rubuta jarrabawar shiga kwaleji ta kasa ba.

Yayin da take karatu a jami’ar Peking, Hu ta fara sha’awar nazartar fannin kimiyyar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi yayin da take karanta wani littafi mai suna From Neuron to Brain. A nan ta fahimci cewa, kwakwalwa na aike sakonni ne kamar yadda lantarki ke yi, kuma za a iya nazari da adanawa da sauya sakonnin.

Hu ta tafi Amurka, inda ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a fannin kwakwala da halittar dan Adam a jami’ar California, bayan ta kammala karatu a jami’ar Peking a shekarar 1996.

A shekarar 2002, bayan ta kammala digirin digirgir, Hu ta fara aiki a matsayin masaniya kan kimiyya a dakin gwaje-gwaje na jami’ar Virginia. Shekaru 2 bayan nan, ta tafi dakin gwaje-gwaje na Cold Spring Harbor dake New York, inda ta shafe shekaru 4 tana karatun bayan digirin digirgir.

A wannan lokaci, Hu ta kuduri niyyar mayar da hankali kan binciken halittar kwakwalwa, saboda ta yi imanin cewa, fannonin halittar dan Adam da na kwakwalwa, wadanda take ganinsu a matsayin masu sarkakiya da kalubale, za su zama masu karin muhimmanci a karni na 21.

A watan Disamban 2008, Hu ta dawo kasar Sin ta zama malama kuma shugabar rukunin masu bincike dake nazarin kwakwalwa da yanayinsa a cibiyar nazarin kimiyyar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi dake karkashin kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin (CAS).

Hu ta koma Hangzhou, ta kama aiki a jami’ar Zhejiang a 2015. Dakin da take gwaji ya ja hankalin matasa da dama da masu neman zaman shenunan malamai da malamai da sauran masu kara ilimi.

Wata rana yayin da take gabatar da lakca, Hu ta taba cewa, ba abu ne mai wahala mutane su gano kwarewarsu a binciken kimiyya ba, kuma suna da isasshen lokaci na tattara bayanai da tantance bayanan da suka tattara.

Yanzu haka, Hu da abokan aikinta na bincike ne kan sauyawar yanayin halayyar dan adam, da abubuwan dake haddasa matsananciyar damuwa da yanayin mu’amalar bil adama.

Hu tare da abokan aikinta, sun dauki wasu dabarun bincike a fannonin nazarin mu’amalar kwayoyin halittu da tsoka da amfani da haske wajen sauyawa wasu kwayoyin halittu da dai sauransu, domin inganta binciken kimiyya da nazarce nazarce kan halayyar dan adam da mu’amalarsa da sauran mutane.

A cewar Hu, sama da kaso 70 na lokacinta na tafiya ne ga gwajin abubuwa. Don haka, take ba masu bincike shawara su daidaita yanayin aikinsu tare da nacewa ga cimma burikansu, ko da kuwa za su kasance su kadai, kuma ba tare da sanin inda za su tsaya ba kafin su kai ga samun nasara.

Daliban Hu sun taba yi mata tambaya kan tsakanin basira da juriya, wanne ne a kan gaba? Hu ta ba su amsa da cewa, “Na hadu da masana kimiyya masu baiwa da suka yi namijin kokari a fannonin kwarewarsu. Sai dai, ba a samun dan baiwa sai dai juriya. Don haka, abu ne mai muhimmanci mutane su yi kokari ainun yayin da suke binciken kimiyya, saboda wani lokaci, ana samu baiwa ne daga jajircewa.”

Yawancin tsoffin dalibanta sun samu aiki a manyan jami’o’i ko cibiyoyin bincike, har ma wasu sun kafa ayarinsu na bincike.

Wata dalibar mai karin ilimi a dakin gwaji na Hu, ta ce abun da ya fi burge ta da Hu shi ne juriyarta, da halayyarta game da kimiyya da yadda take sha’awar koyon sabon abu da kuma sanin ya-kamata. Dalibar ta kara da cewa, Hu tana ba ta kwarin gwiwar da ya taimaka mata gano hanyar da za ta bi domin cimma burikanta.  

Cikin gomman shekarun da suka gabata, Hu ta samu lambobin yabo a gida da waje, kuma ta wallafa muhimman mukala wadanda suka bayyana sakamakon bincikenta na kimiyya, a fitattun mujallu na kasa da kasa.

Misali, ta samu tallafin kudi daga asusun kimiyya na kasa na matasa masana, a shekarar 2012. Ta samu lambar yabo ta Meiji Life Science a 2013, haka kuma ta samu na fitattun malamai ta Outstanding Supervisors daga kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin (CAS), har sau 4.

A shekarar 2019, Hu ta samu kyautar IBRO-Kemali kan bincikenta na kimiyyar kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi. A sanarwar da ya fitar, kwamitin bayar da kyauta na gidauniyar IBRO-Kemali, ya ce an zabi Hu ne saboda aikin da ta yi mai burgewa, a kan dabarun kwayoyin halittun kwakwalwa kan halayya da dabi’u.

Shi ne kuma karon farko da aka bayar da kyautar, wanda aka fara bayarwa a 1998, ga wani masanin kimiyya a wajen Turai da arewacin Amurka. Ana bada kyautar ne bayan duk shekaru biyu ga mai binciken kimiyya da ya yi fice, kuma wanda bai kai shekaru 45 ba.

Hu ta ce tafiya Paris domin halartar bikin bayar da lambar yabon, ya samar da wani tunani a gare ta, saboda ya samar mata da muhimman damarmaki na haduwa da tattaunawa da fitattun mata masana kimiyya tare da gano nasarorin da suka samu a ayyukansu na bincike.

Audrey Azoulay, darakta janar ta UNESCO, ta ce “duniya na bukatar kimiyya, kimiyya kuma na bukatar mata, kuma dole ne kofar kimiyya ta kasance a bude ga mata a muhimman lokuta cikin sana’arsu.”

Edith Hear, wadda ta samu lambar yabo ta matan da suka yi fice a fannin kimiyya, ta L’Oreal-UNESCO a 2020, ta jaddada bukatar taimakawa mata shiga ana damawa da su a fannin binciken kimiyya. Ta bayyana cewa, har yanzu mata ba su da yawa a bangaren kimiyya, tana mai cewa wannan batu na bukatar jama’a su mayar da hankali kansa. Ta kara da cewa, duniyar kimiyya na bukatar mutane daban-daban, kuma kara shigar da mata cikin ayarorin masana kimiyya, zai ba da damar samar da sakamako masu karin inganci, haka kuma za a samu sabbin kirkire-kirkire a bangaren binciken kimiyya.

Hu Hailan ta bayyana cewa, zama masaniya a fannin kimiyya, sana’a ce da ta fi kauna, kuma goyon bayan daga kasa da al’ummarta, ya taimaka mata da sauran mata masana kimiyya, cimma burinsu.(Kande Gao)