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An bude taron Yalta a ranar 4 ga watan Faburairu na shekarar 1945
2015-08-13 09:29:13 cri

A rana irin ta yau wato 4 ga watan Faburairu shekarar 1945 ne shugaba Franklin D.Roosevelt na kasar Amurka, da firaminista Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill na Ingila, da kuma Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, wato shugaban kwamitin ministocin kasar tarayyar Soviet sun bude taron Yalta a fadar Riva Gia dake kusa da birnin Yalta, wanda ke zirin Crimea na kasar tarayyar Soviet, inda suka tattauna yadda za a daidaita batutuwa bayan yaki a nahiyar Turai, da kuma batun yaki da kasar Japan.

A ranar 11 ga watan Faburairu ne kuwa, shugabannin 3 suka kulla yarjejeniya game da matakan da kasashen tarayyar Soviet, da Amurka, da Ingila ke dauka, kan kasar Japan, wato yarjejeniyar Yalta, wadda ta kayyade cewa, a karkashin sharuda uku, a kuma cikin watanni biyu ko uku, bayan da kasar Jamus ta mika kai, aka kuma kawo karshen yakin Turai, kasar tarayyar Soviet za ta shiga yaki na adawa da Japan, wanda kasashen kawancensu suke yi. Wadannan sharuda uku su ne na farko, bukatar kiyaye halin da ake ciki a yankin Mongoliya. Na biyu, dole ne a mayar da iko, da moriyar kasar tarayyar Soviet da Japan ta lalata a shekarar 1904; wato dai Japan ta maida kudancin Sakhalin da dukkan tsibiran dake kewayensa a hannun tarayyar Soviet, kana za a mai da tashar cinikayya ta Dalian a matsayi na kasa da kasa, kuma wajibi ne a tabbatar da iko, da moriyar tarayyar Soviet kan wannan tashar cinikayya.

Ban da wannan kuma, tarayyar Soviet za ta yi hayar tashar Lvshun, a matsayin sansanin sojojin tekunta, haka zalika kamfanin hadin kai wanda tarayyar Soviet da Sin suka kafa ne zai iya gudanar da harkokin layin dogo na Mid–east, da ta Manchuria na kudu, kuma tabbatar da mulkin kan kasar Sin a Manchuria. Na uku, dole ne a mayar da tsibiran Kurile a hannun tarayyar Soviet.

Taron Yalta ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kawo karshen yaki da tsarin amfani da karfin tuwo ko Fascist a kan lokaci. Amma, matakin da tarayyar Soviet ta dauka na kwace moriya da iko a kasar Sin bisa dalilinta na wai yaki da Japan, ya lahanta cikakken ikon mulki na kasar Sin kwarai. Yarjejeniyar Yalta wata yarjejeniya ce ta lahanta mulkin kai da moriyar kasar Sin, wadda aka cimma ba tare da samun halartar wakilin kasar Sin ba, wato daya daga cikin kasashe hudu, masu kawance da juna. Kuma har zuwa ranar 14 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1945, kasar Amurka ta sanar da ita ga gwamnatin kasar Sin.

Ko shakka babu, wannan ya nuna cewa, manyan kasashe kadan ne suka jagoranci duniyar nan, tare kuma da nuna ra'ayin kishin kasa ido rufe ko "chauvinism", don gudanar da siyasar nuna karfin tuwo.

Bisa shawarar kafa wata kungiyar kasa da kasa bayan yakin da aka gabatar a cikin sanarwar kasashen hudu wato Sin, Amurka, Birtaniya da tarayyar Soviet da aka fitar a watan Oktobar shekarar 1943, an daddale yarjejeniya game da ayyukan kafa kwamitin sulhu na MDD a gun taron, inda aka tsaida gudanar da babban taron MDD a birnin San Francisco dake kasar Amurka a ranar 25 ga watan Aprilu na shekarar 1945, don tsara kundin tsarin MDD. Kuma Amurka, Britaniya, Faransa, tarayyar Soviet da Sin su kasance kasashe zaunannun membobin kwamitin sulhu na MDD, kana an tsaida ka'idar samun amincewa daga dukkan kasashe membobin kwamitin sulhun na dindindin kan muhimman batutuwa.

Bayan taron Yalta, sojojin kawancen kasashen tarayyar Soviet da Amurka da Birtaniya, sun ci gaba da kutsa kai zuwa kasar Jamus daga gabas da yamma. A ranar 25 ga watan Aprilu na shekarar 1945, rukunin farko na sojojin tarayyar Soviet da na kasar Amurka, sun hadu da juna a Torgau dake gabar kogin Elbe na kasar Jamus. A gabannin mika kai da 'yan Fascist na kasar Jamus suka yi, al'ummar kasar Italiya sun yi tawaye a biranen da ke arewacin kasar. Daga baya an kama Benito Mussolini, jagorancin tunanin Fascist, tare da yanke masa hukuncin kisan kai.

A ranar 30 ga watan Afrilu, jagorancin tunanin Fascist na kasar Jamus Adolf Hitler ya kashe kansa. A ranar 2 ga watan Mayu kuma, sojojin kasar tarayyar Soviet suka mamaye birnin Berlin. Daga ranar 8 ga zuwa 24 ga watan Mayu, wakilin kasar Jamus ya sa hannu kan takardar mika kai ga kasashen Soviet da Amurka da Birtaniya da Faransa ba tare da sharadi ba. Hakan ya sa aka kawo karshen yakin Turai. A gabashin duniya kuma, an gano hasken samun nasarar yaki da sojojin Japan masu tunanin Fascist.

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