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Wasu yankunan gabashin Afirka suna fama da bala'in fari mai tsanani
2011-07-22 13:49:37 cri

Bisa alkaluman da majalisar dinkin duniya ta bayar, an ce, a halin da ake ciki yanzu, wasu yankunan dake gabashin Afirka suna fama da bala'in fari mai tsanani har ba a taba ganin irinsa ba a cikin shekaru 70 da suka gabata. A ranar 20 ga wata, majalisar dinkin duniya ta sanar da cewa, yankuna biyu dake kudancin kasar Somaliya sun shiga halin matsananciyar yunwa, kuma ta bayyana cewa, za ta kara samar wa wuraren dake fama da bala'in taimakon kudi. A ranar 21 ga wata, hukumar shirin hatsi ta kasashen duniya ta bayyana cewa, jama'ar dake "kahon Afirka" wato kasashe 7 kamarsu Djibouti, Habasha, Eritoria, Kenya, Somaliya, Sudan, da kuma Uganda da yawansu suka kai miliyan 11 da dubu dari uku suna bukatar taimakon hatsi sosai saboda bala'in fari mai tsanani, kuma ta sanar da cewa, wannan lamari ya zama rikicin jama'a. Mun sami labara cewa, bala'in farin da "kahon Afirka" ke fama da shi ba zai sassauta ba cikin watanni shida masu zuwa. Idan zamantakewar al'ummar kasashen duniya ba su dauki matakai cikin gaggawa ba, to, rikicin jin kai zai kara tsananta.

Bisa ma'aunin majalisar dinkin duniya, idan an samu sharuda uku, sai an shiga halin yunwa, na farko, yaran da yawansu suka kai kashi 30 cikin dari ba su samun abinci mai gina jjki ba, na biyu, kowace rana, a kalla mutane biyu ko yara hudu daga cikin jama'a dubu goma sun mutu a sanadin yunwa, na uku, yawan calorie da dukkan jama'ar dake wurin suka samu daga abinci ya yi kasa da dubu biyu da dari daya. Yanzu, halin da kasar Somaliya ke ciki ya fi irin wannan halin tsanani. Mark Bowden, jami'in ofishin sulhunta harkokin jin kai na majalisar dinkin duniya dake wakilci a kasar Somaliya ya bayyana cewa, a wasu wurare na kasar, kowace rana, a kalla mutane shida suna mutuwa, yara sama da kashi 50 cikin dari ba su samu abinci mai gina jiki ba, kusan rabin jama'ar kasar suna fama da yunwa har za su mutu. Wannan shi ne rikicin abincin mafi tsanani da kasar Somaliya take fama da shi a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata ba, shi ma rikicin yunwa mafi tsanani ne da dukkan nahiyar Afirka ke fama da shi a cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce. Yawancin jama'ar Somaliya sun ga tilas su tashi daga garuruwansu da kafa zuwa sansanin 'yan gudun hijira da ake kiransa da suna Dadaab dake iyakar kasa tsakanin Somaliya da Kenya. Wasu mutane sun ci tabo kawai a kan hanya, yara da yawa sun mutu bi da bi a yayin tafiya, amma mahaifansu ba su da karfin boye su, sai gawawakinsu kwance suke kan hanya. Game da dabbobi kuwa, sun riga sun mutu kafin mutane, kamar yadda kuka sani, dabbobi su ne dukiyar yawancin jama'ar kasar Somaliya, idan sun rasa dabbobi, sai ba zabin dake gabansu, za su shiga mawuyacin hali su zama 'yan gudun hijira.

Ban da Somaliya, wasu yankunan sauran kasashen "kahon Afirka" kamarsu Eritoria, Kenya, Habasha da Uganda su ma suna fama da bala'in fari mai tsanani. Wasu kuwa, ba a taba yin ruwan sama ko kadan a cikin shekaru biyu ko uku da suka wuce, ciyayi masu launin kore a da sun bace yanzu, ana kwalla rana a ko da yaushe, kura ta tashi ko ina, ana iya ganin kashin dabbobin da suka mutu a sanadin yunwa ko kishirwa, babu rayuka a wadannan wurare.

To, dalilin da ya sa yankunan gabashin Afirka suka gamu da bala'in fari mai tsanani shi ne domin yanayin La Nina. Amma yaki shi ma ya zama muhimmin dalilin da ya sa haka. A shekara ta 1991 ko 1992, kasar Somaliya ta taba gamuwa da rikicin yunwa mai tsanani, 'yan kasa fiye da dubu goma sun mutu domin yunwa, daga baya, tashe-tashen hankali sun faru, a sanadin haka, majalisar dinkin duniya ta tsai da kudurin aikawa kasar rundunar sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya, daga nan, yakin basasa bai daina ba a kasar a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, gwamnatin kasar ba ta ba da amfani ba ko kadan, da kyar, aka isar da kayayyakin jin kai a kasar. Misali, jihohin Bakool da Lower Shabelle dake fama da yunwa suna karkashin mamayen jam'iyyar matasa, dakarun yin adawa da gwamnatin kasar Somaliya. Jami'in kula da harkokin jin kai na MDD Bowden ya yi kashedi inda ya bayyana cewa, idan ba a dauki matakai nan take ba, kila ne karancin abinci da yaduwar cuce-cuce za su kara yaduwa a sauran yunkuna 8 na kasar a cikin watanni biyu masu zuwa.

A ranar 20 ga wata, mataimakin babban sakataren majalisar dinkin duniya mai kula da harkokin jin kai Valerie Amos ya shelanta a Geneva cewa, domin fama da sabbin bala'o'i a yankunan gabashin Afirka, majalisar dinkin duniya za ta kara yawan kudin da ake tarawa domin aikin jin kai a shekara ta 2011. A sa'i daya kuma, Amos ya kirayi kasa da kasa su nuna kwazo da himma domin ceton rayuka dake cikin masifa.(Jamila)

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