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(GMT+08:00) 2008-12-04 16:29:23    
An kafa kungiyar al'adun gargajiyar kabilar Uygur da fasahar Mukam a jihar Xinjiang mai ikon aiwatar da harkokin kanta ta kabilar Uygur

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A ranar 30 ga watan Nuwamba, an kafa kungiyar al'adun gargajiyar kabilar Uygur da fasahar Mukam a birnin Urumqi, hedkwatar jihar Xinjiang mai ikon aiwatar da harkokin kanta ta kabilar Uygur.

Kwararru da masana fiye da 100 daga dukkan kasar Sin sun halarci babban taron kara wa juna sani da kafuwar majalisar. Shugaban majalisar Abdu Rahim ya ce, majalisar al'adun gargajiyar kabilar Uygur da fasahar Mukam za ta zama kungiyar fasaha da ta fi ba da misalan wakilci, kuma mai fadi-a-ji, kana mai kawo tasiri wajen nazarin al'adun gargajiyar kabilar Uygur, da fasahar Mukam.

Al'adun gargajiyar kabilar Uygur, da fasahar Mukam dukkansu muhimman sassa ne na al'adun kasar Sin, suna da daraja sosai a fannin al'adun zaman al'umma, da tarihi.

Masu sauraro, abin da kuke saurara a yanzu shi ne Mukam da 'yan kabilar Uygur ta jihar Xinjiang ta kasar Sin suke nunawa. Fasahar wasanni ta Mukam ta kabilar Uygur ita ce cikakken suna ta fasahar wasannin Mukam daban daban na wurare daban daban da 'yan kabilar Uygur ta jihar Xinjiang ke zaune, ita ce kuma wata babbar irin fasahar wasanni mai cikakken tsari da ke hade da kida, waka, da kuma rawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Nuvamba na shekarar 2005, hukumar kula da ilmi da kimiyya da fasaha ta M.D.D., wato UNESCO ta mayar da "Mukam ta kabilar Uygur ta jihar Xinjiang ta kasar Sin" da ta zama "Wakiliyar al'adun gargajiya na tarihi da aka gada kaka da kakani" a karo na uku.

Fasahar Mukam ta kasance tamkar lu'u lu'u ta fannin fasahar wasannin kabilar Uygur, ita ce kuma abu mai daraja daga al'adu na kasar Sin. "Mukam sha biyu" kuma ta wakilta wannan fasaha, an lakanta wa gundumar Shache ta birnin Kashi ta jihar Xinjiang suna garin "Mukam sha biyu". Gundumar Shache ta taba zama hedkwatar Khanate na Ye'erqiang, wanda ya yi suna a tarihi. An ce, Sarauniyar Ammannishahan ta khanate Ye'erqiang tana da kwarewa wajen rubuta wakoki da kide-kide, kuma babban taimakon da ta bayar a tarihi shi ne nazari da sake tsara Mukam. Bayan kokarin da ta yi, a karshe dai fasahar Mukam ta lokacin can ta kasance kide-kide sha biyu, wannan kuma ya rikide ya zama "Mukam sha biyu" ta yanzu.

Amma, a cikin dogon lokaci an yada fasahar Mukam daga mai gida zuwa 'yan koyo ne kawai, ban da wannan kuma Mukam na da babban tsari, saboda haka ne, wannan fasaha mai daraja ta taba yin gab da bacewa. Malam Ilham, shugaban kungiyar wasanni ta gundumar Shache, wanda ke dukufa wajen nazarin fasahar Mukam ya gabatar da cewa,

"Halin da ake ciki a lokacin can ba ya da kyau, mutanen da suka iya rera da yin kidan Mukam ba su da yawa, kuma yawancinsu tsofaffi ne."

Bayan da aka kafa sabuwar jamhuriyar jama'ar kasar Sin, ma'aikatar al'adu ta kasar ta aika da makada da yawa don tara da sake tsara fasahar Mukam, gwamnatin jihar Xinjiang ita ma ta kara karfi don ceton Mukam sha biyu, daya bayan daya ta kafa ofishin nazarin fasahar Mukam ta jihar Xinjiang, da kungiyar wasannin Mukam ta jihar. Tun daga shekarar 2002, hukumar al'adu ta jihar Xinjinag ta soma aikin neman shiga "Al'adun gargajiya na tarihi". A watan Satumba na shekarar 2004, kasar Sin ta gabatar da takardar neman shiga nune-nunen al'adun gargajiya. A ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2005, hukumar kula da ilmi da kimiyya da fasaha ta M.D.D. ta amince da "Mukam ta kabilar Uygur ta jihar Xinjiang ta kasar Sin" da ta zama "wakiliyar al'adun gargajiya na tarihi ba na kayayyaki daaka gada daga kaka da kakani" a karo na uku.

A hakika dai, nasarar da aka samu wajen neman shiga nunin al'adun gargajiya ita ce masomi na ayyukan kiyaye da yada fasahar Mukam. A matsayinsa na garin Mukam sha biyu, gundumar Shache ta yi manyan ayyuka don samar da yanayi mai kyau ga yaduwar Mukam. Malam Irxat Osman, shugaban gundumar Shache ya bayyana cewa,

"Daga karshen shekarar da ta wuce, mun soma zabin kwararru da za su ci gadon fasahar jama'a daga garurruwa da kauyuka, daga baya kuma mun tabbatar da mutane 13 daga cikinsu a duk rundunarmu don su zama masu cin gadon fasahar Mukam. Muna ba da kudin Sin yuan dari hudu ga ko wanensu a ko wane wata, don biyan bukatun zaman rayuwarsu. Bayan haka kuma, gwamnatinmu ta ba da kudi don horar da yara 30 a makarantar fasaha, wato ke nan muna da isassun sabbin masu cin gadon fasahar Mukam."

Shugaba Irxat Osman ya ce, gwamnatin tsakiya ta ba da kudi ga gundumomi da birane daban daban da suka samu nasarar neman shiga al'adun gargajiya, don kafa cibiyoyin gada da yada fasahar Mukam, ciki kuma gundumar Shache ta samu kudin Sin yuan miliyan 3 da wani abu. Kazalika gwamnatin gundumar Shache ta zuba kudin Sin fiye da yuan miliyan 16 don kafa yankin al'adun Mukam sha biyu, kuma an riga an shirya bikin fasahar Mukam sau biyu cikin nasara. Domin yada fasahar Mukam, gundumar Shache ta kafa wata kungiyar wasannin "Mukam sha biyu", su kan yi wasanni a wurare daban daban na kasar Sin, har ma a kasashen ketare.

Tun lokacin kuruciyarsa, malam Yusuf Tohti ya soma koyon fasahar kide-kiden Mukam daga mahaifinsa, yanzu kuma ya zama kwararre daya tilo da ke iya wasan dukkan kide-kide sha biyu na Mukam a gundumar Shache. Ya taba yin wasanni a birnin Beijing, da kuma kasashen Japan, da Ingila, da kuma Pakistan, da dai sauransu, kuma ya samu karbuwa sosai. Ya ce,

"Yanzu an riga ana nuna fasahar Mukam a duk duniya, ana iya kallon wasannin Mukam a kasar Ingila, da kasar Jamus, da kasar Japan, da kasar Faransa, da kuma sauran kasashe, fasahar Mukam da ta fi da cikakken tsari tana nan gundumarmu ta Shache."

A gundumar Shache, akwai wani wurin yawon shakatawa da aka kafa don tunawa da babbar mawakiya kuma makidiya, wato sarauniya Amannishahan. Masu wansannin al'adu na jama'a, da kuma farar hula su kan isa wannan wurin yawon shakatawa a ran Jumma'a da safe da ran Lahadi, a nan kuma suna yin wasannin Mukam da kuma kece raini daga fasahar.

Yanzu fasahar Mukam ta zama wani muhimmin sashe na zaman rayuwar jama'ar gundumar Shache. Kamar yadda shugaba Ilham na kungiyar wasannin fasaha ta gundumar Shache ya ce, "Jama'ar gundumar Shache suna bukatar iska, suna bukatar abinci, kuma suna bukatar Mukam."