 Kasar Senegal tana yammacin Afirka. Ta yi iyaka da kasar Mauritania wadda kogin Senegal ya raba su, tana dab da kasar Mali ta gabas, da kasashen Guinea da Guinea-Bissau ta kudu, kuma tana bakin tekun Atlantic. Fadin kasar ya kai muraba'in kilomita dubu 196.7.
Yawan mutanen Senegal ya kai miliyan 10.85 a shekarar 2005. Akwai kabilu fiye da 20 a kasar. Harshen gwamnati na kasar shi ne Faransanci, kuma kashi 80% daga cikinsu suna yin amfani da harshen Wolof. Kashi 90% daga cikin jama'ar kasar suna bin addinin Musulunci.
Babban birnin kasar shi ne Dakar, inda aka kiyasta akwai mutane miliyan biyu da rabi da suke zaune a shekarar 2006. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006, gwamnatin Senegal ta tsai da kudurin kafa sabuwar hedkwatar kasar a birnin Lompoul mai tazara kilomita 120 daga birnin Dakar don rage cunkuso da yake ciki sakamakon yawan mutane da motoci. Bayan da birnin Lompoul ya zama babban birnin kasar, birnin Dakar ya zama birni mafi girma a fannin tattalin arziki a kasar Senegal.
Shugaban kasar shi ne Abdoulaye Wade, ya ci zaben da aka yi a watan Maris na shekarar 2000, sannan ya yi rantsauwar kama aiki a watan Afrilu.
Jamhuriyar jama'ar kasar Sin da Senegal sun kulla dangantakar diplomasiyya a ran 7 ga watan Disamba na shekarar 1971. A ran 3 ga watan Janairu na shekarar 1996, gwamnatin Senegal da hukumomin Taiwan sun sa hannu kan sanarwar sake kulla huldar diplomasiyya tsakaninsu, da haka gwamnatin Sin ta dakatar da huldar da ke tsakaninta da Senegal a ran 9 ga watan Janairu. A ran 25 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2005, Sin da Senegal sun sa hannu kan sanarwar maido huldar diplomasiyya da ke tsakaninsu a birnin Beijing, tun daga wannan rana kasashen biyu sun maido dangantakar diplomasiyya a matsayin jakadanci a tsakaninsu. A watan Yuni na shekarar 2006, shugaban kasar Senegal Abdullahi Wade ya kawo ziyarar aiki a kasar Sin.
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