A ranar 26 ga watan Yuli ta shekarar 1945 ne aka fitar da yarjejeniyar Potsdam, wadda ta fayyace sharuddan gaggauta mika wuyan dakarun kasar Japan.

Bayan kare yakin nahiyar Turai, Japan na daf da durkushewa, a kuma wannan hali ne shawagabannin kasashen Tarayyar Soviet, da Amurka da Birtaniya; wato Joseph Stalin, da Harry Truman, da Winston Churchill (wanda daga baya Clement Attlee ya maye gurbinsa), tare kuma da ministocin waje, da shugabannin rundunonin sojin kasashen 3 suka taru a Potsdam, wanda ke kudu maso yammacin birnin Berlin na kasar Jamus, tsakanin ranekun 17 ga watan Yuli zuwa 2 ga watan Agusta domin tattaunawa.

A wannan lokaci ne aka daddale sharuddan kawo karshen yakin Japan, da kuma matakan da za a dauka bayan kammala yakin. A kuma ranar 26 ga watan Yulin ne Sin da Amurka da Birtaniya, suka wallafa yarjejeniyar dake kunshe da sharuddan gaggauta dakatar da yakin na Japan, wanda kuma ke tattare da umarnin Japan din ta mika wuya. A ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, tarayyar Soviet ta daura yaki da Japan, wanda hakan ya sanya waccan yarjejeniya zama matakin bai daya na daukacin kasashen 4.

Wannan yarjejeniya ta bukaci gwamnatin kasar Japan da ta sanya rundunonin sojin ta mika wuya ba tare da gindaya wani sharadi ba, sa'an nan su tabbatar da amincewarsu da hakan. An kuma shaida cewa kin amincewa da hakan zai janyo kaddamar da mummunan hari kan kasar. Kana wannan yarjejeniya ta tanaji sauran matakan duka, ciki hadda mamaye wasu yankunan Japan, da hukunta wadanda suka aikata laifukan yaki, da aiwatar da sharuddan dake kunshe cikin Yarjejeniyar birnin Alkahira. Ba shakka wannan yarjejeniya ta birnin Potsdam ta yi matukar tasiri ga matsayin Japan na fascists.

Taron na Potsdam wanda aka kwashe kwanaki 17 ana gudanarwa, ya samu halartar shugabannin kasahen Amurka da Birtaniya da na tarayyar Soviet, a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Shi ne kuma babban taron kasa da kasa na karshe da ya gudana yayin yakin duniya wanda kuma ya yi tasiri. Kuma koda yake Soviet da Amurka da Birtaniya na da sabani game da matakan da suka dace a dauka bayan yakin, dukkaninsu sun amince su sauka daga wasu ra'ayoyinsu, domin a kai ga cimma nasarar murkushe kasar Japan. Wannan mataki ya yi tasiri matuka wajen dakile yakin kin jinin wasu yankuna ko yakin fascist. Ko da yake tasirin da bangarorin 3 suka yi kokarin yi game da hakan, ya haifar da wasu tashe-tashen hankula da suka biyo baya kamar yakin cacar baka.

A ranar 15 ga watan Agusta na shekarar 1945, kasar Japan ta sanar da cikakken mika wuya tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyar Potsdam. Kana a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba aka rattaba hannu kan takardar tabbatar da mika wuyanta, wadda a cikinta aka bayyana cewa Sarkin kasar Japan, da gwamnatin kasar karkashin babbar hedkwatar masarautarta, sun amince da tanaje-tanajen da yarjejeniyar ta Potsdam ke dauke da su. Ko da yake a yanzu wannan takardar yarjejeniya na shan suka daga masu ra'ayin rikau na kasar ta Japan. Don haka ne batun sake nazartar waccan yarjejeniya ke da matukar muhimmanci, wajen tabbatar da zaman lafiya da lumana a yankunan Asiya da tekun Fasifik da ma duniya baki daya. (Saminu Hassan)