180130-An-rufe-taron-kolin-AU-Murtala.m4a

Jiya Litinin ne, a birnin Addis Ababar kasar Habasha, aka rufe taron kolin kungiyar tarayyar Afirka wato AU karo na talatin. A yayin taron, an tattauna kan batutuwan da suka jibinci yaki da cin hanci da karbar rashawa da murkushe ayyukan ta'addanci, da dunkulewar tattalin arzikin nahiyar waje guda.

Manazarta na ganin cewa, Afirka na samun bunkasa a 'yan shekarun nan, amma tana fuskantar wasu manyan kalubaloli, abun da ya kamata kasashen nahiyar su cimma maslaha da daukar matakai kafada da kafada.

A yayin taron kolin, babbar sakatariyar hukumar MDD mai kula da harkokin tattalin arzikin Afirka, Madam Vera Songwe tana cewa, sama da rabin al'ummar Afirka na ganin cewa, gwamnatocin kasashen nahiyar sun kasa kawar da matsalar cin hanci da rashawa yadda ya kamata, inda matsalar ta yi babbar illa ga ci gaban rayuwar al'umma.

Kungiyar Transparency International mai fafutukar yaki da cin hanci da rashawa ta duniya ta fitar da alkaluman dake cewa, daga shekara ta 2014 zuwa 2015, akwai 'yan Afirka kimanin miliyan 75 wadanda aka tilasta su aikata cin hanci, dalilin da ya sa akwai 'yan Afirka da dama dake ganin cewa, matsalar cin hanci na dada kamari a nahiyar.

Shi ma a nasa bangaren, shugaban hukumar zartarwar kungiyar AU, Moussa Faki Mahamat, ya ce, yarjejeniyar yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da AU ta zartas a shekara ta 2003 ta shaida irin kudirin kasashen Afirka na yakar matsalar. Amma ya zuwa yanzu, ba'a warware matsalar yadda ya kamata ba, har ma tana kara yin illa ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin Afirka, da kawo nakasu ga matakan tsaro a nahiyar.

Mahalarta taron kolin sun lalubo bakin zaren daidaita matsalar cin hanci da rashawa. Madam Vera Songwe ta shawarci kasashen Afirka da su kara inganta dokoki, da harkokin sa ido kan hada-hadar kudi, da kyautata tsarin karbar kudaden haraji, domin yaki da matsalar.

Baya ga matsalar cin hanci da rashawa, matsalar yaki da aika-aikar ta'addanci a nahiyar Afirka wani muhimmin batu ne na daban da aka tattauna a gun taron. Kafin a kaddamar da taron, a ranar 17 ga wata, kungiyar nan ta Boko Haram ta kai hare-hare a Najeriya, lamarin da ya yi ajalin mutum goma. Yayin da ita ma kungiyar nan ta al-Shabab ta kaddamar da wasu jerin hare-hare a kan iyakokin Kenya da Somaliya a ranar 13 ga wata, hare-haren da suka kai ga hallaka mutum biyu.

Babu tantama, akwai sauran rina a kaba game da murkushe ayyukan ta'addanci a nahiyar ta Afirka. Babban sakataren MDD, Antonio Guterres ya yi nuni da cewa, yaki da ayyukan ta'addanci, ba ma kawai na bukatar daukar matakan soja ba, haka kuma yana bukatar daukar matakan siyasa da na tattalin arziki. Mista Guterres ya ce, dole ne a kara sanin ainihin dalilin da ya kawo bullar ta'addanci, da daukar matakai a fannonin da suka shafi habaka tattalin arziki da rage kangin talauci da jama'a ke fuskanta.

Har wa yau, babbar matsala ta uku da ta dabaibaye nahiyar Afirka ita ce, rashin mu'amala mai karfi ta fannin kasuwanci tsakanin kasashe membobin kungiyar ta AU. Domin karfafa alakar tattalin arziki da kasuwanci tsakanin kasashen Afirka, kungiyar tarayyar Afirka ta dade tana kokarin kafa wani yankin ciniki maras shinge a nahiyar.

A yayin taron koli na wannan karo, Madam Vera Songwe ta ce, kafa yankin cinikayya maras shinge a Afirka, zai taimaka ga rage tsaiko da harajin kwastam ke kawo wa harkokin kasuwanci tsakanin kasashe daban-daban na nahiyar, da samar da damammaki da alfanu ga kamfanoni gami da masu sayayya, ta yadda Afirka za ta samu ci gaba mai dorewa.

Mambobin kungiyar AU sun kuma tattauna kan yadda za a kafa yankunan cinikayya marasa shinge a Afirka a watan Yunin shekara ta 2015, amma har yanzu ba'a kammala shawarwarin mataki na farko ba. Wannan ya sa shugaban hukumar zartarwas kungiyar AU Moussa Faki Mahamat ya yi kira ga kasashen kungiyar su gaggauta yin shawarwari tsakaninsu, don rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar da abun ya shafa. Amma a cewar wasu manazarta, kasashe hamsin da biyar na kungiyar AU na fuskantar mabambantan yanayi, kuma akasarin kasashen na fama da rashin ingantattun ababen more rayuwar jama'a, don haka raya yankin cinikayya maras shinge zai zama wani babban kalubale ga wadannan kasashe.

Rahotannin da kungiyar AU ta fitar a baya, sun nuna cewa, kusan kowace kasar Afirka na da nata tsari na sa ido kan harkokin kwastan, kana, akwai bambanci sosai tsakanin kasashen Afirka a fannonin da suka shafi bude kofa ga kasashen waje da ra'ayin kafa yankin cinikayya maras shinge. Alal misali, akwai kasashen Afirka wadanda suka rigaya suka zama memba a cikin wasu kungiyoyin cinikayya cikin 'yanci, akwai kuma wasu kasashen da ba su shiga cikin irin wannan kungiya ko daya ba. Duk wadannan dalilai sun zama babban kalubale ga kokarin da ake na kafa yankin cinikayya maras shinge a nahiyar ta Afirka. (Murtala Zhang)